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    Here’s how to get rid of hyperpigmentation & dark patches

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    Have you got a scar from your acne? Is your skin displaying sun damage in the form of black spots? This, like any other type of skin discolouration, is classed as hyperpigmentation. “Hyperpigmentation is a disorder in which darker skin patches emerge,” says Dr. Geetika Mittal Gupta, aesthetic physician and founder of ISAAC Luxe (International Skin and Anti-Ageing Centre). “The darker spots are caused by an increase in melanin synthesis as a result of sun exposure, radiation exposure, or hormone imbalance.” Because Indians have a darker complexion, they are more prone to hyperpigmentation and black patches.

    “Melanin is a pigment generated by melanocytes in skin cells that creates colour,” explains Dr. Gupta. “The most prevalent cause of hyperpigmentation is excessive melanin synthesis.” Several factors, including hormonal changes during pregnancy and some medicines such as chemotherapy and antidepressants, might disrupt melanin formation in the body. Excessive sun exposure and endocrine illnesses such as Addison’s disease can also raise melanin levels.”

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    Dr. Gupta recommends a few in-clinic procedures, including as Q-switch laser toning, photo glow infusion, chemical peels, and Cosmelan peel. “These can perform wonders on hyperpigmentation and brighten regions of skin to lessen pigmentation look.”

    Having said that, you may also modify your skincare routine to incorporate serums and creams that address the issue. The first and most important step is to apply sunscreen every day. “When exposed to damaging UV radiation, melanocyte cells increase melanin synthesis.” “Dr. Gupta explains “Sunscreen comes to the rescue here, preventing dangerous UV rays from reaching the skin. It helps to keep hyperpigmentation and dark patches from flaring up and worsening.” Dr. Gupta suggests using two layers of sunscreen. “Apply a non-coloured sunscreen followed by a tinted sunscreen.” Tinted sunscreens have a colour basis that protects skin from damaging UV radiation and helps to balance out skin tone.”

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    Here's how to get rid of dark patches and hyperpigmentation

    Use sunscreen in combination with other active substances to get a more even-toned and brighter complexion over time. Anything that increases cell turnover can hasten the fading of spots and hyperpigmentation. “There are just a few substances that may be administered topically to brighten the skin,” Dr. Gupta says. “These include retinoids such tretinoin, arbutin, glycolic acid peels, mequinol, niacinamide, and N-acetyl glucosamine, as well as azelaic acid, cysteamine cream, vitamin C, hydroquinone, corticosteroids, kojic acid, retinoids like tretinoin, arbutin, glycolic acid peels, mequinol, niacin

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    Dr. Gupta recommends using oral vitamins after consulting with a dermatologist. “Glutathione is a potent antioxidant that promotes skin renewal and regeneration.” It aids in the reduction of spots for more even-toned skin.

    When a topical medication fails to lighten hyperpigmentation, tranexamic acid is employed.” She cautions us by saying “Some dark spots and anti-hyperpigmentation medications can cause skin rashes, irritation, inflammation, medication-induced acne, skin blisters, redness, and excessive dryness. To minimise unwanted skin problems, use these agents only after visiting a dermatologist.”

    Melasma, sunspots, and post-acne hyperpigmentation are examples of common skin issues that come under the category of hyperpigmentation. “Melasma, also known as chloasma,” explains Dr. Gupta, “is caused by hormonal imbalances and commonly develops during pregnancy, or it is caused by sun or radiation exposure.”

    “This is commonly observed on the face, but it can also be seen on the belly.” Sunspots, also known as liver spots, “develop over time as a result of excessive sun exposure.” They are most commonly found on the face and hands. “Post-acne hyperpigmentation is caused by inflammatory disorders such as acne.”

    If you already have your go-to sunscreen, here are additional things to add to your daily routine.

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